{"id":6090,"date":"2012-05-02T23:00:00","date_gmt":"2012-05-02T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ul-standards.org\/iecah\/?p=6090"},"modified":"2021-09-22T12:25:27","modified_gmt":"2021-09-22T12:25:27","slug":"local-capacity-in-humanitarian-response-vision-or-mirage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ul-standards.org\/iecah\/local-capacity-in-humanitarian-response-vision-or-mirage\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cLocal capacity in humanitarian response: Vision or mirage?\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Resena_1MAY\"<\/p>\n

La Oficina de la ONU para la Reducci\u00f3n de Desastres (UNISDR) presenta hoy una iniciativa para apoyar a las ciudades de todo el mundo en la gesti\u00f3n de riesgos de desastres naturales.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"libro-aqualquierprecio-150_0\"<\/p>\n

Por Jacobo Ocharan<\/p>\n

Casi todas las evaluaciones que se han hecho a grandes respuestas humanitarias, desde el conflicto de los Grandes Lagos Africanos en los a\u00f1os 90 hasta el terremoto de Haiti 2010, destacan como debilidad el poco espacio que se deja para tomar decisiones a las comunidades que sufren el desastre. Una tras otra, las evaluaciones nos repiten lo mismo, insistiendo en que la comunidad y las autoridades locales no han participado suficientemente en la direcci\u00f3n de las actividades que se realizan para su propia ayuda. En algunas ocasiones se alude que el desastre ha superado las capacidades locales, en otras simplemente se afirma que esas capacidades locales no han existido nunca. El caso, es que casi medio siglo despu\u00e9s de la explosi\u00f3n global de las respuestas humanitarias propugnadas por Occidente en pa\u00edses del Sur, seguimos viviendo ese c\u00edrculo vicioso donde las respuestas humanitarias no crean capacidades en los pa\u00edses receptores de ayuda para que puedan tener un rol de direcci\u00f3n en la siguiente emergencia.<\/p>\n

El presente art\u00edculo hace un repaso al proceso hist\u00f3rico e ideol\u00f3gico que ha generado este \u00abcirculo vicioso\u00bb de incapacidad humanitaria. El problema est\u00e1 identificado y reconocido desde hace tiempo tal y como observamos en las evaluaciones, desde los a\u00f1os 90. Incluso se ha incluido en los c\u00f3digos \u00e9ticos y los manuales pr\u00e1cticos como el C\u00f3digo \u00c9tico de la Cruz Roja y el Manual Esfera. Incluso se han creado iniciativas de transparencia y de rendici\u00f3n de cuentas hacia los receptores de la ayuda como el proyecto HAPI. A pesar todo, poco ha cambiado y las respuestas humanitarias siguen siendo dirigidas por los salvadores extranjeros que llegan tras el desastre.<\/p>\n

Michael Delaney y Jacobo Ocharan proponen dos grandes causas que perpetu\u00e1n esta situaci\u00f3n. Por un lado, la propia constituci\u00f3n de todo el sistema de financiaci\u00f3n humanitario donde el efecto CNN sigue siendo el principal elemento para tomar decisiones de qu\u00e9 emergencias se financias y cu\u00e1les no. Bajo este contexto, es muy dif\u00edcil y poco \u00absexy\u00bb financiar la capacitaci\u00f3n de actores en el Sur antes de que se produzca la respuesta. El segundo factor se centra en la visi\u00f3n occidental que sigue predominando en la \u00abindustria\u00bb humanitaria. Una visi\u00f3n a veces de mentalidad colonialista y, cuanto menos, paternalista que sigue poniendo a las personas del Sur como seres desamparados a la espera de un desastre.<\/p>\n

Informe completo aqu\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Oficina de la ONU para la Reducci\u00f3n de Desastres (UNISDR) presenta hoy una iniciativa …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":321,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[182,366],"tags":[234],"iecah_area":[],"iecah_language":[387],"class_list":["post-6090","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualidad","category-articulos-propios","tag-accion-humanitaria","iecah_language-espanol"],"yoast_head":"\n\u201cLocal capacity in humanitarian response: Vision or mirage?\u201d - IECAH<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ul-standards.org\/iecah\/local-capacity-in-humanitarian-response-vision-or-mirage\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201cLocal capacity in humanitarian response: Vision or mirage?\u201d - 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