{"id":8996,"date":"2019-11-25T11:01:34","date_gmt":"2019-11-25T11:01:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ul-standards.org\/iecah\/?p=8996"},"modified":"2021-09-22T13:06:54","modified_gmt":"2021-09-22T13:06:54","slug":"justicia-universal-para-los-rohingyas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ul-standards.org\/iecah\/justicia-universal-para-los-rohingyas\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00abJusticia universal para los Ronhingyas\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\"ROHINGYA\"<\/p>\n

Por Noelia Natalia Blascovich<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Justicia universal para los Rohingyas*<\/sup><\/span><\/b><\/h2>\n

\n

<\/p>\n

Apelando al principio de justicia universal, el presidente de la Burmese Rohingya Organisation<\/i> (BROUK), Tun Khin, present\u00f3 el pasado 13 de noviembre en la justicia penal argentina una demanda por<\/span> los \u00abcr\u00edmenes brutales\u00bb contra la etnia rohingya por parte de Myanmar. <\/span>La demanda es realizada contra<\/span>\u00a0los l\u00edderes militares y civiles militares de Myanmar, incluida la consejera de Estado Aung San Suu Kyi -premio Nobel de la Paz en 1991-. <\/span>En la demanda, se urge el procesamiento de los acusados.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Se destaca que se acusa a Myanmar \u2013quien no reconoce a la minor\u00eda musulmana rohingya como ciudadanos- de haber llevado adelante desde 2017 numerosas matanzas y delitos de violencia sexual contra la mencionada poblaci\u00f3n. Seg\u00fan cifras del ACNUR, Este hecho conllev\u00f3 a un \u00e9xodo de alrededor de 900.000 personas a Bangladesh, convirtiendo a Cox\u00b4s Bazaar en el mayor campo de refugiados del mundo, adem\u00e1s de un gran n\u00famero de desplazados internos.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

La organizaci\u00f3n BROUK est\u00e1 representada por el abogado argentino Tom\u00e1s Ojea Quintana, quien fuera Relator Especial de las Naciones Unidas para los \u00a0<\/span>Derechos Humanos en Myanmar entre 2008 y 2014. Asimismo, BROUK es apoyada por las Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo y la Fundaci\u00f3n Servicio Paz y Justicia, la cual es encabezada por el premio Nobel de la Paz Adolfo P\u00e9rez Esquivel.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

El consagrado principio de justicia universal sostiene que determinadas acciones de m\u00e1xima gravedad, tales como los cr\u00edmenes de guerra y contra la humanidad, no son competencia de un solo Estado y, al contrario, pueden ser juzgados en la justicia de terceros pa\u00edses. Al respecto, la justicia argentina ya hab\u00eda aceptado albergar otras causas en base al principio de justicia universal, tales como los cr\u00edmenes del franquismo en Espa\u00f1a y la represi\u00f3n del movimiento Falung Gong de China.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Conviene recordar tambi\u00e9n que un caso contra el Estado de Myanmar por sus implicaciones en el genocidio del pueblo rohingya fue abierto la semana pasada en el m\u00e1ximo tribunal de las Naciones Unidas, la Corte Internacional de Justicia (CIJ), a partir de una demanda presentada por Gambia con el apoyo de l<\/span>a Organizaci\u00f3n para la Cooperaci\u00f3n Isl\u00e1mica (OCI). A esto hay que sumar el importante fallo de la Corte Penal Internacional (CPI), en septiembre de 2018, cuando manifest\u00f3 que puede ejercer su jurisdicci\u00f3n sobre la deportaci\u00f3n de los rohingyas desde Myanmar hacia Bangladesh, a pesar de que el Gobierno de Myanmar no acepta en su territorio la jurisdicci\u00f3n de la CPI por no haber firmado el Estatuto de Roma, carta fundacional del mencionado organismo. Ello, debido a que los supuestos cr\u00edmenes se habr\u00edan terminado de cometer en territorio de Bangladesh, un Estado que s\u00ed ha ratificado el Estatuto.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

En este sentido, el 4 de julio pasado, la fiscal de la CPI, Fatou Bensouda, solicit\u00f3 autorizaci\u00f3n a los Jueces de la Corte para llevar adelante una investigaci\u00f3n sobre presuntos cr\u00edmenes de lesa humanidad, a saber, \u201cdeportaci\u00f3n, otros actos inhumanos y persecuci\u00f3n cometida contra el pueblo rohingya de Myanmar\u201d. Tras ello, el 14 de noviembre pasado los jueces autorizaron el comienzo de la investigaci\u00f3n. En el comunicado, se concluy\u00f3 que \u00abexiste una base razonable para creer que se han cometido actos de violencia generalizados y\/o sistem\u00e1ticos que podr\u00edan calificarse como cr\u00edmenes contra la humanidad\u00bb. Tambi\u00e9n, se hab\u00edan recibido las opiniones sobre esta solicitud de cientos de miles de presuntas v\u00edctimas.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Frente a las acusaciones de violaciones de derechos humanos cometidos sobre la poblaci\u00f3n rohingya, sin duda las investigaciones en curso contribuir\u00e1n a clarificar los hechos. Asimismo, en el caso de que se confirmen las acusaciones, se podr\u00e1 proceder a hacer efectiva la responsabilidad y rendici\u00f3n de cuentas de los implicados con el fin \u00faltimo de traer justicia y brindar protecci\u00f3n a la poblaci\u00f3n afectada. <\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Sobre la autora.<\/h5>\n

Noelia Natalia Blascovich<\/strong> es Polit\u00f3loga, Diplom\u00e1tica. Coordinadora del Observatorio en Asuntos Humanitarios (OAH) del Centro de Estudios de Pol\u00edtica Internacional de la UBA. Maestranda en Acci\u00f3n Humanitaria Internacional (NOHA). Especializada en Protecci\u00f3n de Migrantes y Refugiados y en Asistencia Humanitaria en Zonas de Conflictos Armados y Misiones de Paz. Se desempe\u00f1\u00f3 como Responsable de Asuntos Humanitarios en la Direcci\u00f3n de Organismos Internacionales de Canciller\u00eda. Miembro voluntario de Cruz Roja Argentina y Espa\u00f1ola.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

[*]<\/span><\/span> Las ideas y opiniones expresadas en este trabajo son de la autora y no reflejan necesariamente la posici\u00f3n de ninguna instituci\u00f3n a la cual pertenezca.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

FOTOGRAF\u00cdA: REUTERS<\/p>\n

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